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991.
Environmental problems caused by polymers and polymers have historically dominated both academic and industrial attention. Sustainable biodegradable wood-plastic composites (WPCs) as an optimum can solve the environmentally critical problems caused by petroleum-based polymers. However, they are flammable, prone to fire accidents, and often have a contradiction between mechanical performance and flame-retardant properties, which limits their range of applications. Here, we reported a flame-retarded poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) WPC prepared with modified natural fiber-magnesium hydroxide sulfate whisker (MHSH) hybrids and intumescent flame retardant s (IFRs). The mechanical performance, flame-retardant properties , thermal stability, and actual fire simulation parameters of composites were investigated. Owing to the unique composition characteristics of modified cassava dregs-MHSH hybrids, the mechanical properties (70P/23I/5C/2M, flexural strength was 39.2 ± 1.960/MPa, impact strength was 7.95 ± 0.3975/ [KJ/m2]), flame retardant properties (70P/23I/5C/2M, the limiting oxygen index value was 39.6%, UL-94 was V0) and thermal stability of WPC have been improved. Thereby, the balance between mechanical performance and flame retardant properties of biocomposites has been achieved in the practical engineering requirements. Furthermore, cone calorimeter data indicated that modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids played a role in improving the fire safety of composites. The total heat release, total smoke produce, toxic gas release, and total oxygen consumed of 70P/23I/5C/2M were lowered compared with those of 70P/25I/5C. Dynamics analysis indicated that the addition of modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids increased the activation energy of composites. Based on the experimental and analyses data, especially the morphological characterization of char residue analysis, it illustrated that modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids have a reinforcement and flame-retardant effect. The combusted residue of the incorporated modified cassava dregs–MHSH hybrids could support the three-dimensional charred layer formed by the combustion products of the IFR and the PBS. Thus, the more stable three-dimensional charred layer could not only effectively reduce thermal conductivity of composites but also hinder the propagation of heat into the interior substrate, thereby improving the flame-retardant properties of the WPC. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48490. 相似文献
992.
Previous studies reported that intrageneric relationships of genus Veratrum of family Melanthiaceae are controversial and hard to delimit. Therefore, we observed the pollen morphological features of six species in the genus Veratrum in detail using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and investigated their significance for Veratrum taxonomy. Among them, five were studied for the first time. The results demonstrated that pollen grains of Veratrum are medium in size with P/E being 0.31–0.60. Three types of shape in polar view have been observed elliptic, long‐elliptic, or wide‐elliptic with blunt or rounded at both ends. Two types of width of colpus reported narrow or wide, two types of depth of colpus reported deep or flat, and two types of length of colpus reported extend almost or do not extend to the ends, whereas two types of colpus membranes reported absent or obvious. One type of surface ornamentation was noted as reticulate. These results support species Veratrum album and Veratrum lobelianum as well as Veratrum grandiflorum and Veratrum oxysepalum as two independent species, respectively, rather than classifying Veratrum into two sections. Overall, we demonstrated that the ratio of polar axis length to equatorial axial length, pollen characteristics at the polar view, the colpus morphology, and the surface ornamentation of pollen grains of genus Veratrum have important systematic significance in identification and delimitation of species. 相似文献
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995.
以三乙基铝为助催化剂,环已基甲基二甲氧基硅烷为外给电子体,使用NDQ催化剂在400 kt/a的Spheripol聚丙烯工业装置上试生产了注塑专用聚丙烯HA8012和HP-M12。结果表明:试生产期间,装置运行平稳,聚合工艺参数可控可调,聚丙稀细粉含量低;采用NDQ催化剂生产的HA8012和HP-M12具有较宽的相对分子质量分布(6.0~6.5)、较低的二甲苯可溶物含量(质量分数为1.5%~2.0%)、较高的拉伸强度(大于38 MPa)和弯曲模量(1.8~2.2 GPa)。 相似文献
996.
注塑过程具有随机性、非线性以及时变性等特点,常规比例积分微分控制方法很难使注射速度控制达到理想的效果,为此提出了一种基于模型预测的注射速度控制方法。首先介绍了注塑机注塑工作原理,分析了注射速度控制系统,并通过模型预测算法得到当前采样时刻控制量以及下一时刻的控制量。仿真结果表明,基于模型预测的注射速度控制能够很好地跟踪快速变化的速度设定曲线,拥有较好的稳定性和抗干扰性。 相似文献
997.
在Innovene气相工艺聚丙烯生产装置上,选用专用成核剂,采用氢调法成功生产出各项性能良好的薄壁注塑专用煤基聚丙烯K1860,其熔体流动速率稳定在60~70 g/10 min,弯曲模量为1 870~1 886 MPa,黄色指数为-1.1~-1.3,拉伸屈服应力为38.3~38.6 MPa,负荷变形温度为107~111 ℃。将K1860应用于食品包装容器(一次性餐盒)的生产,其透光度、成型效果、柔韧性以及耐热性均较好,制品完全满足食品包装要求。 相似文献